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Cetane improver 2 Ethylhexyl nitrate INTRON cTane 2EHN

INTRON cTane – cetane improver 2 Ethylhexyl nitrate 2EHN

Diesel fuel is an important source of energy for transportation and industrial applications. It is a fuel that is widely used around the world, especially in heavy-duty vehicles such as trucks, buses, and trains. The quality of diesel fuel is determined by a number of factors, including its cetane number. The cetane number is a measure of how easily a fuel ignites in a diesel engine. Fuels with higher cetane numbers have shorter ignition delays and therefore provide better combustion, which results in improved engine performance and lower emissions.

One way to increase the cetane number of diesel fuel is through the use of cetane improvers. Cetane improvers are chemical additives that are added to diesel fuel to increase its cetane number. They work by reducing the ignition delay of the fuel, which leads to better combustion and improved engine performance. In this article, we will discuss the use of cetane improvers in diesel fuel production and their economic and production efficiency.

Types of Cetane Improvers There are several types of cetane improvers that are used in diesel fuel production. The most common type is alkyl nitrates, such as isopropyl nitrate and 2-ethylhexyl nitrate. These additives are typically used in concentrations of 0.1 to 0.5% by volume. Other types of cetane improvers include peroxyesters, peroxides, and amino compounds.

Advantages of Cetane Improvers The use of cetane improvers in diesel fuel production has several advantages. First, they can improve the combustion efficiency of diesel engines. This leads to improved fuel economy and lower emissions. Second, cetane improvers can help reduce engine noise, which is especially important for heavy-duty vehicles that operate in urban areas. Finally, cetane improvers can improve the cold-starting performance of diesel engines, which is critical in colder climates.

Economic Efficiency of Cetane Improvers The use of cetane improvers in diesel fuel production can also have economic benefits. One of the main economic benefits is improved fuel economy. Improved fuel economy means that less fuel is consumed to travel a given distance, which can lead to cost savings for consumers and businesses. In addition, improved fuel economy can lead to lower emissions, which can result in reduced regulatory compliance costs.

Another economic benefit of cetane improvers is reduced engine maintenance costs. Diesel engines that run on fuels with higher cetane numbers tend to produce less soot and other combustion byproducts, which can reduce engine wear and tear. This can lead to longer engine life and lower maintenance costs over the lifetime of the engine.

Production Efficiency of Cetane Improvers The use of cetane improvers can also improve the production efficiency of diesel fuel. One way that cetane improvers can improve production efficiency is by reducing the need for other additives. For example, some diesel fuels require the use of lubricity additives to protect the engine from wear and tear. By improving the combustion efficiency of the fuel, cetane improvers can reduce the need for lubricity additives, which can simplify the production process and reduce costs.

Cetane improvers can also improve the stability of diesel fuel during storage and transportation. Diesel fuel is prone to degradation over time, which can lead to the formation of sediments and other contaminants. Cetane improvers can help prevent this degradation by improving the stability of the fuel. This can lead to longer shelf life and reduced waste.

Conclusion In conclusion, the use of cetane improvers in diesel fuel production has several economic and production efficiency benefits. These benefits include improved fuel economy, reduced engine maintenance costs, and improved fuel stability. While cetane improvers do add to the cost of diesel fuel production, the economic and production efficiency benefits can outweigh these

 

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INTRON® Octane Booster Series: N-Methyl Aniline Octane Additive for Gasoline

The octane rating of gasoline shows how well the fuel resists knock – the uncontrolled self-ignition of the fuel-air mixture before the spark. Knock costs power, raises fuel consumption and, over time, can damage pistons and valves. Refiners therefore have to bring every gasoline grade to its octane specification.

The INTRON® Octane Booster Series from PETRONAX does this with a single, well-known molecule: N-Methyl Aniline (NMA). In this article we explain what the product is, how it raises octane and what blenders should check before use.

What is the INTRON® Octane Booster Series?

The INTRON® Octane Booster Series is based on N-Methyl Aniline, a secondary aromatic amine (CAS 100-61-8). It is an ashless, metal-free octane booster for motor gasoline. Because it is efficient at a low treat rate, refiners and blenders use it to reach the octane spec without changing the refinery configuration.

Typical properties of N-Methyl Aniline

Chemical nameN-Methyl Aniline (NMA, monomethylaniline)
CAS number100-61-8
Molecular formulaC₇H₉N
AppearanceClear liquid, colourless to light yellow; darkens in air
Boiling point≈ 196–197 °C
Density at 20 °C≈ 0.986–0.989 g/cm³
Flash point≈ 79–80 °C (closed cup)
SolubilityPoorly soluble in water; miscible with alcohols, ethers and most organic solvents

Values are indicative. Batch-specific figures are stated on the Certificate of Analysis supplied with every delivery.

How does it raise the octane number?

Knock starts when the unburned part of the mixture ignites on its own while the flame front is still moving through the cylinder. Before that self-ignition, hydrocarbons break down in a chain of radical reactions. Aromatic amines such as N-Methyl Aniline interrupt these chains, so self-ignition is delayed. As a result, the spark-ignited flame can burn through the whole charge in a controlled way. Labs measure the effect as the Research Octane Number (RON, ASTM D2699).

Advantages compared with other octane improvers

  • High efficiency per unit volume. A small amount of NMA gives a clear RON gain, so less additive, tank space and freight are needed per octane point.
  • Ashless and metal-free. Unlike lead, manganese or iron antiknock agents, it leaves no metallic residue that could foul spark plugs or damage catalytic converters.
  • Lower volumes than oxygenates. Ethanol, MTBE or ETBE must be blended in much larger volumes and change vapour pressure and energy content.
  • Cheaper than new process units. For many refiners it is a more economical route to spec octane than deeper reforming or isomerisation.

Dosage and compliance

We recommend a treat rate of no more than 1.3 % by weight. The actual octane gain depends on the base gasoline, so we confirm the dose with a test of your fuel. Please note that the permitted N-Methyl Aniline content in gasoline differs by market, and some countries restrict it. Blenders and importers must check local fuel rules before use.

Handling and safety

N-Methyl Aniline is a toxic substance. It is harmful by inhalation, ingestion and skin contact and is hazardous to aquatic life. Handling requires chemical-resistant gloves, eye protection, protective clothing and good ventilation. Always read the current Safety Data Sheet before use.

Supply from PETRONAX

PETRONAX supplies the INTRON® Octane Booster Series in drums, IBC containers, ISO tanks and bulk, with a Certificate of Analysis, Safety Data Sheet and transport documents for each shipment. For more detail, read our full guide to N-Methyl Aniline as an octane booster or request a quote.

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INTRON® cTane ASTM D613 test

We conducted a test on the cetane improver for diesel fuel INTRON cTane using ASTM D613 test method. The test showed a significant improvement in the cetane number, which increased from 45 to 52, exceeding the ASTM D975 and EN 590 cetane number requirements.

The test was performed on a diesel engine using a blend of diesel fuel and INTRON cTane. The engine’s performance was measured before and after the addition of the cetane improver, and the results showed an improvement in the engine’s performance parameters. The engine had a better cold start, smoother acceleration, and reduced noise and vibration.

The test results also showed that INTRON cTane had a low pour point and a high flash point, indicating that it is stable under different temperature and pressure conditions. The product’s thermal stability was also evident, making it suitable for use in various applications such as transportation, power generation, and marine engines.

Overall, the test showed that INTRON cTane is a highly effective cetane improver for diesel fuel, providing optimal diesel engine performance. The product’s excellent properties make it suitable for use in various applications, ensuring clients receive high-quality chemical additives that enhance their products’ performance

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INTRON® dLube – lubricity test for diesel fuel

Lubricity improvers are chemical additives that are used to enhance the lubrication properties of diesel fuel. Diesel fuel is a complex mixture of hydrocarbons that is used as a fuel for diesel engines. It is important for diesel fuel to have good lubrication properties because it helps to reduce wear and tear on the engine components and extend the life of the engine. INTRON dLube is one of the best lubricity improver for diesel fuel produced by PETRONAX.

Properties of INTRON dLube

INTRON dLube is a lubricity improver product that is designed to enhance the lubrication properties of diesel fuel. It is a liquid product that is made from a blend of fatty acid esters and other surfactants. The product has excellent solubility in diesel fuel and can be easily mixed with the fuel.

INTRON dLube has several good properties that make it an effective lubricity improver. First, it has a high polarity, which means that it has good affinity for metal surfaces. This property allows the product to form a thin film on the metal surfaces and reduce friction and wear. Second, the product has a low volatility, which means that it remains in the fuel for a longer time and provides longer-lasting protection. Third, INTRON dLube has good stability and can withstand the harsh conditions of diesel engines, such as high temperatures and pressures.

The product has also been tested and certified by various organizations such as the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). It meets the lubricity requirements of various diesel fuel standards such as ASTM D975 and EN 590.

Performance of INTRON dLube

The performance of INTRON dLube as a lubricity improver has been extensively tested in both laboratory and field conditions. In laboratory tests, the product has been tested using various methods such as the High-Frequency Reciprocating Rig (HFRR) and the Ball-on-Cylinder Lubricity Evaluator (BOCLE). These tests measure the friction and wear properties of diesel fuel and compare the performance of different lubricity improvers.

The results of these tests have shown that INTRON dLube provides significant improvements in the lubrication properties of diesel fuel. It reduces the wear scar diameter (WSD) and improves the lubricity index (LI) of the fuel. The product has also been shown to be effective in reducing the amount of abrasive wear and improving the load-carrying capacity of the fuel.

In field tests, INTRON dLube has been tested in various diesel engines and has been shown to provide improvements in engine performance and durability. The product has been shown to reduce the amount of engine deposits, reduce engine wear, and improve fuel efficiency. It has also been shown to be effective in reducing emissions such as particulate matter (PM) and nitrogen oxides (NOx).

Applications of INTRON dLube

INTRON dLube is suitable for use in a wide range of diesel engines, including both heavy-duty and light-duty engines. It can be used in different types of diesel fuels, including ultra-low sulfur diesel (ULSD) and biodiesel blends. The product is easy to handle and can be added to the fuel at the fuel terminal or at the point of use.

The product can be used in various applications such as in transportation, power generation, and marine engines. It is particularly useful in applications where the engine is subjected to high loads and stresses, such as in heavy-duty trucks and mining equipment. INTRON dLube can also be used in off-road applications such as construction equipment and agricultural machinery

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INTRON® cTane shipping worldwide

PETRONAX, a leading supplier of chemical additives, is proud to announce the worldwide shipping of INTRON cTane, a highly effective cetane improver for diesel fuel. This product has excellent properties that enhance the ignition properties of diesel fuel, ensuring optimal performance for diesel engines.

INTRON cTane is a liquid cetane improver made from a blend of organic compounds that has a high concentration of cetane improver compounds. It has a high cetane number, making it a highly effective additive for diesel fuel. This product has been tested and certified by various organizations such as ASTM International and the European Committee for Standardization (CEN), meeting the cetane number requirements of various diesel fuel standards such as ASTM D975 and EN 590.

The product’s excellent properties make it an ideal cetane improver, with a low pour point and a high flash point that ensures stability under different temperature and pressure conditions. Additionally, it has good thermal stability, making it suitable for use in various applications such as transportation, power generation, and marine engines.

INTRON cTane is widely shipped to different countries and clients worldwide, ensuring they receive the optimal diesel engine performance. The product is distributed through a network of authorized distributors and agents and is shipped in compliance with international shipping regulations and standards. The shipping is done through different modes of transportation such as air freight, sea freight, and road transportation, depending on various factors such as quantity, destination, and urgency of the delivery.

PETRONAX is committed to ensuring clients receive high-quality chemical additives that enhance their products’ performance. The company’s reputation for quality and innovation has earned them a loyal customer base that relies on their products for optimal performance. The company continues to invest in research and development to provide innovative solutions that meet their clients’ ever-changing needs.

In conclusion, INTRON cTane is an excellent cetane improver product that has excellent properties and is widely shipped to different countries and clients worldwide. It is suitable for use in different applications such as transportation, power generation, and marine engines, providing optimal performance for diesel engines

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How does demulsifier for crude oil INTRON® dSol works?

Introduction

Demulsifiers are chemical compounds that are used to separate oil from water. They are commonly used in the oil and gas industry to separate the oil and water phases in crude oil emulsions. Crude oil emulsions are a mixture of oil, water, and other substances such as salts, solids, and gas. These emulsions are formed when oil and water are mixed together, and they can cause several issues such as increased viscosity, decreased flow rate, corrosion, and damage to equipment. To avoid these issues, demulsifiers are used to break the emulsion and separate the oil and water phases. In this article, we will discuss the properties of a demulsifier product called INTRON dSol.

Properties of INTRON dSol

INTRON dSol is a demulsifier product that is specifically designed to break crude oil emulsions. It is a non-ionic surfactant that has excellent wetting and spreading properties. The product is made from a blend of alkoxylated alcohols and alkoxylated phenols, which are known to have good solubility in crude oil. The product is also free of aromatic compounds and is therefore environmentally friendly.

INTRON dSol has several good properties that make it an effective demulsifier. First, it has a low interfacial tension, which means that it can easily penetrate the oil-water interface and destabilize the emulsion. Second, it has a high HLB (hydrophilic-lipophilic balance) value, which means that it has good affinity for both water and oil phases. This property allows the demulsifier to efficiently break the emulsion and separate the oil and water phases. Third, INTRON dSol is thermally stable and can withstand high temperatures without losing its effectiveness. This property makes it suitable for use in oil and gas production facilities where the temperature of the crude oil can be high.

In addition to its good demulsification properties, INTRON dSol has several other advantages. It is compatible with both sweet and sour crude oils, and it can be used in a wide range of salinities. The product is also easy to handle and can be applied in different ways, such as injection or mixing. Moreover, it has a low toxicity level and is safe to handle.

Applications of INTRON dSol

INTRON dSol is commonly used in the oil and gas industry to break crude oil emulsions. It is particularly useful in offshore production facilities where space and weight constraints are important considerations. The product can be used in different stages of the production process, such as in the separators, desalters, and crude oil tanks. It is also suitable for use in pipelines and tanker trucks where crude oil is transported.

INTRON dSol can be used in different types of crude oils, including heavy and light crude oils, and it can be used in different salinities ranging from fresh water to saturated brines. The product is effective in breaking emulsions that are caused by different factors such as mechanical shear, chemical reactions, or microbial growth. It can also be used to treat emulsions that contain other substances such as solids or gas.

The product can be applied in different ways depending on the specific application. For example, in a separator, the demulsifier can be injected into the oil-water stream, where it will mix with the emulsion and break it down. In a crude oil tank, the product can be mixed with the crude oil and left to settle, where the oil and water phases will separate naturally. In a pipeline or tanker truck, the product can be injected into the oil stream to prevent the formation of emulsions during transportation.

Conclusion

Demulsifiers are important chemicals in the oil and gas

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Why the INTRON® Octane Booster Series Is an Efficient RON Improver

Octane boosters raise the octane number of gasoline, so the fuel resists knock in high-compression engines. Refiners and blenders use them to bring gasoline to the required grade at a lower cost than new process units. The INTRON® Octane Booster Series from PETRONAX is based on N-Methyl Aniline (NMA) – one of the most efficient octane improvers per unit volume. Here is why it works so well.

1. High efficiency at a low treat rate

N-Methyl Aniline is an aromatic amine. It slows down the radical chain reactions that lead to self-ignition of the fuel-air mixture, so knock is delayed. Because the molecule is so effective, a small dose gives a clear octane gain. That means less additive, less tank space and lower freight cost per octane point.

2. Measured results in a reference fuel

In our laboratory test, the additive was dosed into a reference mixture of isooctane and n-heptane (70:30). The Motor Octane Number (MON) rose as follows:

Dose, % by weightMONIncrease, units
0 (reference)70.0–
1.0571.6+1.6
1.572.0+2.0
1.872.4+2.4

The gain in commercial gasoline depends on the base fuel and is usually measured as RON (ASTM D2699). We therefore confirm the treat rate with a test of the customer’s fuel. Our recommended maximum dose is 1.3 % by weight.

3. Ashless and metal-free

Unlike lead, manganese or iron antiknock agents, N-Methyl Aniline contains no metal. It leaves no metallic residue that could foul spark plugs, damage catalytic converters or disturb oxygen sensors.

4. Flexible blending

The INTRON® Octane Booster Series blends with conventional gasoline streams and can be used together with oxygenates and other performance additives. It is dosed with standard pumps or additive dosing systems at refineries and terminals, batch-wise or continuously.

5. Consistent quality and documentation

Every batch is analysed before release. Each shipment comes with a Certificate of Analysis, a Safety Data Sheet and the transport documents for the destination market.

What to check before use

The permitted N-Methyl Aniline content in gasoline differs by market, and some countries restrict it. Blenders and importers must therefore check local fuel rules first. N-Methyl Aniline is also a toxic substance: handle it with gloves, eye protection and good ventilation, and read the Safety Data Sheet before use.

Learn more in our guide to N-Methyl Aniline as an octane booster, see the product page or request a quote.

by Petronax Petronax

How cold temperature impact diesel fuel properties?

Diesel fuel is a critical fuel source for heavy-duty vehicles, marine vessels, and power generation. However, diesel fuel’s properties change under different temperatures, affecting its performance and efficiency. Cold temperatures, in particular, have a significant impact on diesel fuel properties. This article will discuss how cold temperatures affect diesel fuel properties and the potential consequences of these changes.

How Cold Temperatures Impact Diesel Fuel Properties

Cold temperatures can significantly impact diesel fuel properties, leading to several challenges. These changes can be divided into two categories: physical and chemical changes.

Physical Changes

At low temperatures, diesel fuel undergoes several physical changes that affect its flow and handling properties. These changes include:

  1. Wax Formation

Diesel fuel contains paraffin wax, which solidifies at low temperatures. As the fuel cools, wax crystals start to form, reducing the fuel’s flow properties. The wax crystals can clog fuel filters, reducing fuel flow to the engine, and causing engine damage.

  1. Viscosity

Diesel fuel’s viscosity increases at low temperatures, reducing its flow properties. High viscosity diesel fuel can lead to filter clogging, reducing fuel flow, and engine damage.

  1. Cloud Point

Diesel fuel’s cloud point is the temperature at which wax crystals start to form, causing the fuel to become cloudy. As the fuel cools, the wax crystals continue to grow, leading to clogged filters, reduced fuel flow, and engine damage.

Chemical Changes

Cold temperatures can also cause several chemical changes in diesel fuel. These changes include:

  1. Oxidation

Low temperatures can cause diesel fuel to oxidize, leading to the formation of gum and varnish deposits. These deposits can clog fuel filters, reducing fuel flow, and engine damage.

  1. Fuel Stability

Cold temperatures can cause diesel fuel to become unstable, leading to the formation of insoluble particles and sediment. These particles can clog fuel filters, reducing fuel flow, and engine damage.

Consequences of Cold Temperature Changes

Cold temperature changes in diesel fuel can lead to several consequences that affect engine performance and reliability. These consequences include:

  1. Reduced Engine Performance

Diesel fuel with poor cold temperature properties can reduce engine performance, leading to decreased power output and reduced fuel efficiency.

  1. Increased Maintenance Costs

Cold temperature changes in diesel fuel can increase maintenance costs due to clogged filters and engine damage. These costs can include filter replacement, engine repair, and downtime.

  1. Reduced Engine Life

Poor cold temperature properties in diesel fuel can lead to engine damage, reducing engine life and increasing replacement costs.

Conclusion

In conclusion, cold temperatures have a significant impact on diesel fuel properties, affecting its flow and handling properties. These changes can lead to engine damage, reduced engine performance, increased maintenance costs, and reduced engine life. It is crucial to ensure that diesel fuel has excellent cold temperature properties to ensure optimal engine performance and reliability. This can be achieved by using chemical additives such as Middle Distillate Flow Improvers (MDFI) and Wax Anti-Settling Additives (WASA), which improve diesel fuel’s low-temperature performance and reduce the potential consequences of cold temperature changes.

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INTRON® dFlow & Wax – great solution for diesel fuel’s low-temperature performance

Diesel fuel is an essential fuel for heavy-duty vehicles, trains, and marine vessels. However, its properties change under different temperatures and conditions, affecting its performance and efficiency. Diesel fuel is prone to wax formation, which leads to clogged filters, reduced fuel flow, and engine damage. To address these challenges, chemical additives such as Middle Distillate Flow Improvers (MDFI) and Wax Anti-Settling Additives (WASA) have been developed. This article will discuss these additives and the excellent properties of INTRON dFlow and INTRON Wax.

Middle Distillate Flow Improvers (MDFI)

MDFI is a chemical additive that improves diesel fuel’s flow properties at low temperatures. It is a polymeric compound that reduces the size and number of wax crystals formed in diesel fuel. MDFI works by modifying the wax crystal structure, reducing its tendency to agglomerate and settle in the fuel tank.

INTRON dFlow is a highly effective MDFI that improves diesel fuel’s low-temperature performance. It is a comb polymer that disperses the wax crystals in the fuel, reducing their tendency to settle and clog filters. INTRON dFlow provides excellent low-temperature performance, enhancing diesel engine performance and reliability.

INTRON dFlow has several excellent properties, including low dosage, easy handling, and stability under different temperature and pressure conditions. It is suitable for use in various applications, such as transportation, power generation, and marine engines. INTRON dFlow is also compatible with different diesel fuel types, including ULSD (Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel) and biodiesel blends.

Wax Anti-Settling Additives (WASA)

WASA is a chemical additive that prevents wax crystals from settling and clogging fuel filters. It works by modifying the wax crystal size and shape, reducing their tendency to agglomerate and settle in the fuel tank. WASA is typically used in combination with MDFI to provide optimal low-temperature performance.

INTRON Wax is a highly effective WASA that enhances diesel fuel’s low-temperature performance. It is a comb polymer that prevents wax crystals from settling in the fuel, reducing filter clogging and engine damage. INTRON Wax provides excellent low-temperature performance, enhancing diesel engine performance and reliability.

INTRON Wax has several excellent properties, including low dosage, easy handling, and stability under different temperature and pressure conditions. It is suitable for use in various applications, such as transportation, power generation, and marine engines. INTRON Wax is also compatible with different diesel fuel types, including ULSD and biodiesel blends.

Conclusion

In conclusion, diesel fuel’s low-temperature performance is critical for optimal engine performance and reliability. Chemical additives such as MDFI and WASA improve diesel fuel’s low-temperature performance, reducing filter clogging, and engine damage. INTRON dFlow and INTRON Wax are highly effective MDFI and WASA that enhance diesel engine performance and reliability. These additives have excellent properties, including low dosage, easy handling, and stability under different temperature and pressure conditions. They are suitable for use in various applications, ensuring clients receive high-quality chemical additives that enhance their products’ performance